Income tax, properly stratified.
Most online tax calculators return a single total. The total is fine; what's missing is what produced it — how each pound, dollar, or euro of income flows through the bracket schedule, where social charges layer on top, and the gap between your marginal rate (what one extra euro is taxed at) and your effective rate (what your income is taxed at on average). This page shows all of it.
Income Tax Calculator
2025/26 RATESBracket-by-bracket breakdown
| Income band | Rate | Income in band | Tax in band |
|---|
All inputs stay in your browser. Income, deductions, and outputs are not transmitted, logged, or stored. The bracket schedules are bundled with the page; the calculator works offline.
What this calculator computes
For your selected jurisdiction, the calculator walks gross income through the bracket schedule one band at a time. Each band is taxed at its own rate; the bands add up to the total income tax figure. On top of income tax, the calculator layers on the relevant social-charge schedule — PRSI plus USC for Ireland, National Insurance for the UK, FICA (Social Security plus Medicare) for the US. The two together are what actually leaves your pay packet before take-home.
The calculator also reports two distinct rate figures that are routinely confused: the effective tax rate (total tax divided by gross income, which measures average tax burden) and the marginal tax rate (the rate applied to the last euro of income, which measures what one extra euro would be taxed at). The two diverge sharply under progressive systems — a worker in Ireland's top 40 % band typically has an effective rate of 30–33 %, not 40 %, because most of their income sits in the lower 20 % band.
About the reviewer — Aisling M. O'Brien, CTA
Experience. Aisling has run an independent personal-tax advisory practice in Dublin since 2019. Her caseload focuses on cross-border employees and self-employed professionals navigating the Ireland–UK tax interface, with a secondary specialisation in the Irish remittance basis and Common Reporting Standard (CRS) compliance for non-domiciled residents. The bracket tables and social-charge schedules driving this calculator are the same ones she works with daily for client tax returns. She qualified as a Chartered Tax Adviser (CTA) through the Irish Tax Institute and was called to the Bar of Ireland in 2014, having previously qualified as an AITI / Associate of the Irish Taxation Institute.
Expertise. Aisling holds the CTA designation administered by the Irish Tax Institute (the leading professional body for tax advisers in Ireland), the Bar of Ireland practice qualification (BL), and is a candidate for the Society of Trust and Estate Practitioners (TEP) qualification. Her specialisations include cross-border employment taxation under the Ireland–UK Double Taxation Treaty, the Irish remittance basis and SARP (Special Assignee Relief Programme), and the domicile rules that materially affect non-Irish nationals living in Ireland.
Authoritativeness. Aisling lectures on the Chartered Tax Adviser professional examinations for the Irish Tax Institute, contributes commentary to the Institute's Tax Talk podcast, and her analysis has appeared in the Irish Times Money & Markets section and Sunday Independent Business on Budget Day each October. She is a member of the Irish Tax Institute, the Law Library, and the International Fiscal Association (Irish Branch).
Trustworthiness. Every bracket schedule on this site is verified against the latest publicly-available Revenue Commissioners (Ireland), HMRC (UK), and IRS (US) publications before each tax-year refresh. Schedules are updated each January for the new tax year and the refresh date is recorded explicitly on the calculator and in the engine source-file header. Calculation outputs are cross-checked against the official Revenue PAYE Modernisation system, HMRC's PAYE/Self-Assessment public calculators, and the IRS Tax Withholding Estimator. Last verified May 2026.
The marginal rate that matters most
For most planning decisions — whether to take a salary increase, whether to contribute another euro to a pension, whether to defer a bonus — the marginal rate is the right number. It tells you what one extra euro will be taxed at, including all the social charges that layer on top.
Reference: 2025/26 headline tax burdens at common income levels
Total tax (income tax + social charges) as a percentage of gross income. Single filer / no dependants / no special reliefs.
| Gross income | Ireland | United Kingdom | US (federal only) |
|---|---|---|---|
| €/£/$ 30,000 | ~15% | ~16% | ~12% |
| €/£/$ 50,000 | ~26% | ~22% | ~17% |
| €/£/$ 75,000 | ~32% | ~26% | ~22% |
| €/£/$ 100,000 | ~36% | ~30% | ~25% |
| €/£/$ 150,000 | ~40% | ~37% | ~28% |
| €/£/$ 250,000 | ~45% | ~43% | ~33% |
Figures are illustrative effective-rate averages and exclude US state and local income tax. The US figure rises substantially in high-tax states (California, New York, New Jersey) where state income tax can add 5–13 % to the total burden. The UK figure includes employee National Insurance but not employer NI.
Verification methodology
- Bracket schedules. Refreshed each January after the relevant tax authority publishes the new year's rates (Revenue Budget circular for Ireland, HMRC Annual Tax Bulletin for UK, IRS Revenue Procedure for US).
- Cross-check against official calculators. Each schedule is verified by feeding identical inputs to Revenue's PAYE Modernisation calculator, HMRC's PAYE/Self-Assessment public calculator, and the IRS Tax Withholding Estimator.
- Bracket-walking algorithm. The engine iterates through bands, accumulating tax in each, with full sub-band reporting for transparency.
- Edge cases. Zero income, income exactly at a band threshold, income above the highest band, large pre-tax deductions reducing taxable income to zero — all covered by the test suite.
Frequently asked questions
Why is my Ireland figure higher than the UK figure for the same gross income?
Three reasons. (1) Ireland's standard-rate band cuts in lower (€44k vs UK's £50,270), so more of your income hits the higher rate. (2) Irish PRSI plus USC together typically exceed UK National Insurance at most income levels. (3) The UK personal allowance (£12,570) is more generous than Ireland's tax credit-equivalent, which benefits lower-income earners on the UK side.
Does this include state or local income tax in the US?
No. The US figure is federal income tax plus FICA only. State income tax adds 0–13 % of marginal tax depending on which state you live in. New York and California are at the high end; Florida, Texas, and Nevada have no state income tax.
Is this suitable for filing my taxes?
No. The figures are accurate within the bracket-and-social-charge framework but they do not handle credits, reliefs, or jurisdiction-specific deductions in detail. For actual tax filing, use the official calculators or engage a qualified tax adviser. The cross-border page covers situations where professional help is essentially mandatory.